Arduino Uno Board

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 1. Definition

Arduino boards are programmable electronic boards, part of the microcontroller family, with a certain number of inputs/outputs.

An Arduino board is essentially made up of :

  • A microcontroller manufactured by Atmel.
  • An USB port.
  • Input/Output connectors.

The most famous models of Arduino are:

2. Arduino Uno

In our future projects, we will use the UNO model. It is composed of :

  • An ATmega328P microcontroller.
  • 14 digital input/output pins, 6 of which can generate PWM.
  • 6 analog pins.
  • Power Pins.
  • Crystal oscillator clocked at 16 Mhz.
  • Barre Jack (power inpout).
  • USB.
  • Reset switch.

2.1. Digital Pins

  • Each of the pins 0 to 13 can be configured as an input or as an output.
  • The signals conveyed by these pins are logic signals, so they can only take two states: HIGH (5 Volts) or LOW (0 Volt).

Warning: the connectors cannot supply an output current greater than 40 mA.

2.2. Analog pins

Contrary to the digital pin which can only take two states HIGH and LOW, these six inputs can admit a thousand values ​​(1024 exactly) analogical ranging between 0 and 5 Volts. We will therefore be able to have voltage values ​​accurate to within 5 mV (≈ 5V/1024).

2.3. Power Pins

  • VIN: Input voltage to the Arduino board using an external power source.
  • 5V: This pin delivers a 5V.
  • 3V 3: This pin delivers a 3.3V.
  • GND: Ground


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